Recent research on Massachusetts water systems reveals critical insights into the state’s extensive network of more than 1,400 water treatment plants and 1,600 Public Water Systems (PWS). This analysis highlights the complexities faced by PWS, especially concerning operator recruitment and retention and the challenges posed by regulatory mandates for removing per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS).
Overview of Massachusetts Water Systems
Massachusetts has been a leader in public drinking water protection since Boston established the first municipal water utility in 1652. Today, approximately 91% of the state’s population is served by PWS, with a significant portion relying on these systems for safe drinking water. The Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection (MassDEP) ensures compliance with federal and state water quality standards, safeguarding public health and environmental quality.
Classification and Licensing of Public Water Systems
Public Water Systems in Massachusetts are classified based on service connections and the population served, ranging from Very Small Systems (VSS) to larger, more complex systems. Operator licensing, overseen by the Massachusetts Board of Certification of Operators of Drinking Water Supply Facilities, is critical for maintaining the integrity and safety of these water systems. Despite a 7% annual increase in new operators since 2010, the workforce faces a near 1:1 replacement ratio, indicating a minimal net growth and highlighting the need for effective recruitment and retention strategies.
Impact of PFAS Regulations
PFAS are a group of man-made chemicals found in various consumer products and are known for their persistence in the environment and the human body. MassDEP’s 2020 regulations require PWS to test and treat water when PFAS levels exceed 20 parts per trillion (ppt). As a result, 45 PWS have already constructed 51 new treatment systems to comply with these stringent standards. The EPA’s proposed national standards for PFAS would further necessitate upgrades, increasing the demand for higher-grade operators with specialized skills to manage advanced treatment technologies.
Current Workforce Challenges
A significant challenge for PWS is the shortage of qualified operators. The EPA’s Drinking Water Infrastructure Needs Survey indicates that hiring difficulties will intensify over the next five to ten years, primarily due to a lack of interest and qualified candidates. Massachusetts faces additional challenges, including a high cost of living and stringent certification requirements, which further complicate recruitment and retention efforts.
Workforce Dynamics and Future Demands
Data from MassDEP’s Drinking Water Program (DWP) show that as of October 2023, there were 1,608 active PWS in Massachusetts, with the majority being Transient Non-Community systems. Despite a positive trend in new licenses, the high turnover rate means that new operators are merely replacing those who leave, resulting in minimal net growth. Many operators hold multiple licenses, and a significant portion of the workforce has over ten years of experience, indicating a seasoned but diminishing workforce.
Recommendations for Addressing Challenges
Increase Training and Recruitment: Enhance efforts to attract and train new operators, focusing on lower-grade licenses to build a pipeline of qualified personnel. Programs should be designed to make the profession more appealing and accessible to a broader audience.
Improve Retention: Investigate the reasons for operator departures and develop strategies to improve retention, such as offering competitive salaries, better working conditions, and opportunities for career advancement. Understanding and addressing the root causes of turnover will be key to maintaining a stable workforce.
Support Smaller Systems: Provide targeted support for Very Small Systems, which are most affected by regulatory changes and workforce shortages. This support could include financial assistance, technical training, and streamlined processes for compliance with new regulations.
Enhance Collaboration: Strengthen partnerships between MassDEP, the Massachusetts Water Works Association, and other organizations to provide comprehensive support to PWS. Collaboration can help share best practices, offer mutual support, and leverage resources more effectively.
How Capital Strategic Solutions Can Help
Capital Strategic Solutions (CSS) is uniquely positioned to assist PWS in Massachusetts by offering expertise in operator recruitment, retention strategies, and navigating complex regulatory landscapes. CSS can provide tailored solutions to help PWS meet the demands of new regulations, particularly those concerning PFAS removal. By leveraging our experience in project management and regulatory compliance, CSS can support PWS in ensuring safe, reliable drinking water for all Massachusetts residents.
For more information about how Capital Strategic Solutions can assist your Public Water System, visit our website and explore our range of services or email us at [email protected] to schedule a meeting.